Caliber-persistent labial artery: report of 3 cases

Abstract The caliber-persistent labial artery is a vascular anomaly in which a primary arterial branch penetrates into the submucosal tissue without reduction in diameter. Most lesions are benign and do not require treatment, except for complications and/or on patient demands. In this way, noninvasive diagnostic tools are preferred such as high-resolution and color Doppler ultrasonography which allow direct observation of the lesion, assessing its exact location and diameter at every axis, as well as the blood flow velocity. An excisional biopsy of these lesions or even their surgical extirpation could have a fatal outcome with profuse bleeding.

EBV-negative lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma of the lower lip

Lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma (LEC) is a rare malignant neoplasm, which can be associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Histologically, LEC is an undifferentiated carcinoma with an intermixed reactive lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. LEC appears to be an uncommon tumor type of lip carcinoma. An 82-year-old white woman presented a lesion on her lower lip that developed over the last year. The lesion was characterized by ulceration with flat edges, hardened base, painful, and absence of regional lymphadenopathy. Microscopical analysis evidenced an intense inflammatory infiltrate, composed of lymphoplasmacytic cells, associated with scarce pleomorphic epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry highlighted the LEC cells with strong expression of pan-CK AE1/AE3, EMA, p63, and p53. CD138 was also faintly positive. Ki-67 was >85%. In situ hybridization analysis did not show evidence of EBV. A diagnostic of EBV-negative LEC was made. We present an uncommon type of lip carcinoma, which can represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and pathologists.

Plasma cell cheilitis: the diagnosis of a disorder mimicking lip cancer

Plasma cell cheilitis (PCC) is an inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects the lip. It is characterized histologically by a dense infiltrate of plasma cells with a variety of clinical features. The response to different therapeutic modalities is controversial, especially regarding the effectiveness of corticosteroids. We present a case of a 56-year-old Caucasian man with a painful ulcerated and crusted area in the lower lip, resembling a squamous cell carcinoma or actinic cheilitis. Topical corticosteroid was used for one week, which resulted in partial regression and motivated a biopsy. The histological examination provided the diagnosis of PCC. The patient has been disease-free for six months. We also provide a discussion on the criteria of differential diagnosis and management of this rare condition.

Síndrome de Laugier-Hunziker / Laugier-Hunziker syndrome

El síndrome de Laugier-Hunziker es un trastorno pigmentario adquirido poco frecuente, caracterizado por presentar lesiones hiperpigmentadas cutaneomucosas idiopáticas que pueden asociarse a melanoniquia longitudinal. A pesar de ser considerado una enfermedad benigna sin manifestaciones sistémicas ni potencial maligno, es clave realizar el diagnóstico diferencial con otros trastornos pigmentarios, en especial con el síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers. Se presenta aquí el caso de un paciente con este síndrome poco frecuente. (AU)

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare acquired pigmentary disorder that is characterized by idiopathic mucocutaneous pigmentation that may be associated with longitudinal melanonychia. Although this syndrome is considered a benign disease with no systemic manifestations or malignant potential, it is important to rule out other mucocutaneous pigmentary disorders, especially Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. We report the case of a patient with this unusual syndrome. (AU)

Epithelioid hemangioma (angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia) in the oral mucosa.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with an eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare benign entity whose etiology and pathogenesis is under debate. Clinically, it is characterised by cutaneous papules or nodules on the head and neck. Literature reveals very few cases of this entity in the oral mucosa. Here, we report a case of ALHE in a 25 year-old woman, who presented with a painless, 5mm x 5mm, sub mucosal erythematous nodule on left angle of mouth at lower lip. Histological examination of lip biopsy specimens revealed an increase in small vessels. The vascular walls consist of prominent endothelial cells with a histiocytoid appearance, which protruded into the lumen. Many eosinophils and lymphocytes were also seen around the vessels. The diagnosis of ALHE was made from the above findings.

Plasma cell granuloma of lip.

Plasma cells are medium-sized round-to-oval cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, usually found in the red pulp of the spleen, tonsils, medulla of the lymph nodes, nasal mucosa, upper airway, lamina propria of the gastrointestinal tract, and sites of inflammation. Plasma cell granuloma is a rare reactive tumor-like proliferation composed chiefly of plasmacytic infiltrate. Here, we present a case of plasma cell granuloma of lip in a female patient.

Darier disease with oral and esophageal involvement: A case report.

A 58-year-old man presented with itchy papular eruptions all over the body since 15 years. Intraoral examination revealed raised papular lesions on the labial mucosa, hard palate, and tongue. The histopathology of the oral and skin lesions was confirmative of Darier disease (DD). This patient also showed esophageal involvement, which was confirmed histopathologically. Such a presentation of DD, with oral and esophageal involvement, is rare.

Descrição da morfologia dos frênulos labiais superiores em escolares de Teresina / Description of the Morphology of Upper Labial Frenulum in Students from Teresina

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de fazer um levantamento da prevalência dos diferentes tipos de frênulos labiais superiores, além de suas inserções em escolares de Teresina - PI. Para tanto, foram realizados exames clínicos em 300 escolares com idades entre 7 e 10 anos. As crianças foram escolhidas ao acaso, e o exame consistiu na distensão do lábio superior com o auxílio dos dedos de um único examinador, envoltos por gaze,sendo os achados anotados em ficha padronizada. Foi utilizada a classificação dos frênulos labiais superiores proposta por Sewerin (1971) e das inserções proposta por Placek et al. (1974). Os dados foram processados através do programa de computação SPSS, sendo a análise estatística do tipo descritiva. O frênulo labial de maior prevalência foi o simples, seguido do teto-labial persistente, simples com nódulo, coincidência de duasou mais variações ou anormalidades, simples com apêndice, com recesso, bífido e duplo. O tipo de inserção mais prevalente foi a inserção na mucosa alveolar, seguida da gengiva inserida, papila interdental e penetrantena papila

The objective of this paper was to estimate the prevalence and attachment of different kinds of upper lip frenulum in students from Teresina - PI. A sample of 300 students aged 7 to 10 years were clinicallyexamined. The children were chosen at random and the examiner distended their upper lip just using his fingers wrapped up in gauze. The findings were recorded on a standard chart. The classification for upperlabial frenulum proposed by Sewerin (1971) and that of the attachments proposed by Placek et al. (1974) were used The data were processed using the computation program SPSS and descriptive statistical analysis. The simple upper labial frenulum showed the largest prevalence, followed by the persistent tectolabial, simple with nodule, coincidence of two or more variations or abnormalities, simple with appendix, with recess, bifid and double. The attachment to alveolar mucous was the most prevalent, followed by inserted gum, interdental papilla and penetrating in the papilla attachments.

Cisto nasolabial: apresentação de um caso e descrição em imagens por TC e RM / Nasolabial cyst: presentation of a clinical case with CT and MR images

O cisto nasolabial é um cisto não odontogênico raro que se desenvolve na região inferior da asa nasal, com patogênese ainda incerta. Esta lesão, que possui crescimento lento e dimensões variáveis (1,5-3cm), caracteriza-se clinicamente por uma tumefação flutuante na região do sulco nasolabial ao redor da asa do nariz, causando uma elevação do lábio superior. Seu diagnóstico pode ser feito basicamente pelo quadro clínico e, se necessário, complementando-se com exames auxiliares por imagens. O presente trabalho relata o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de 48 anos, que se queixava da presença de uma massa consistente na região da asa esquerda do nariz e cujas características clínicas eram compatíveis com cisto nasolabial. As imagens de TC demonstraram uma formação expansiva com densidade de tecido mole, localizadas na região nasal esquerda medindo cerca de 1,2cm de diâmetro e apresentando contornos nítidos e bem definidos e densidade homogenia ao redor de 50 UH. Já as imagens de RM mostraram uma lesão de aspecto circular localizada em tecido mole, apresentando hiperintensidade nas imagens ponderadas em T1, T2 e no recurso de supressão da gordura, sendo a hipótese diagnóstico de cisto nasolabial, confirmado pelo exame histopatológico depois da cirurgia.

The nasolabial cyst is an uncommon non-odontogenic cyst that develops in the lower region of the nasal ala; its pathogenesis is uncertain. This lesion grows slowly and measures between 1.5 and 3 cm; it is characterized clinically by a floating tumefaction in the nasolabial sulcus, which elevates the upper lip. The diagnosis is based on the clinical findings and, if necessary, image exams. This paper reports a case of a white 48-year-old Brazilian female patient that presented a firm tumor in the left ala of the nose; the clinical features suggested a nasolabial cyst. CT scans revealed an expanding tumor with soft tissue density located in the left ala of the nose. It measured 1.2 cm in diameter and had a clear and well-defined outline; its homogeneous density was about 50 HU. MR images revealed a circular lesion located in soft tissue; T1 and T2 weighted signals were hyperintense, as were images after fat suppression. The diagnosis was a nasolabial cyst, which was confirmed by histopathology after surgery.

Cisto nasolabial: aspectos diagnósticos e terapêuticos / Nasolabial cyst: diagnostic and therapeutical aspects

Cisto nasolabial é uma lesão rara, localizado próximo à cartilagem alar nasal e que se estende para o meato nasal inferior e sulco gengivo-labial superior. OBJETIVO: Apresentamos uma casuística de cisto nasolabial, com o objetivo de discutir a apresentação clínica, o diagnóstico e as técnicas cirúrgicas mais adequadas no tratamento desta doença. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de oito pacientes com diagnóstico de cisto nasolabial, no período de janeiro/2000 a dezembro/2006. O diagnóstico foi sugerido por exame otorrinolaringológico e tomografia computadorizada (TC). Os pacientes foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico (enucleação) e o diagnóstico confirmado por exame histopatológico. RESULTADOS: Os sintomas predominantes foram: obstrução nasal, aumento de volume restrito ao vestíbulo nasal e dor à palpação local. O tempo médio de evolução dos sintomas foi de 26,2 meses. A TC evidenciou lesão cística, bem delimitada, com remodelação óssea em alguns casos. O tamanho médio do cisto foi de 2,18 cm. O seguimento médio no pós-operatório foi de 19,5 meses, sem recorrência da lesão. CONCLUSÃO: Os cistos nasolabiais são lesões pouco freqüentes. A maioria apresenta-se com aumento de volume bem localizado, dor local e obstrução nasal. Enucleação é o tratamento de escolha com baixos índices de recorrência.

Nasolabial cyst is a rare lesion situated behind the ala nasi, extending backwards into the inferior nasal meatus and forward into the labio-gingival sulcus. AIM: We present our case of a nasolabial cyst, with the purpose of discussing clinical presentation, diagnosis and the more suitable surgical techniques to treat this disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of eight patients with diagnosis of nasolabial cyst, carried out in the period of january/2000 to december/2006. The diagnosis was suggested by otorhinolaryngology exam and computer tomography. All patients were submitted to surgical treatment (enucleation) and definitive diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. RESULTS: Predominant symptoms were nasal obstruction, swelling in the nasal vestibule region and local pain. Patients had had symptoms for a median of 26.2 months. CT scan was performed in all patients, showing a well outlined cystic lesion with bone remodeling in some cases. Median sizes of the cysts were 2.18cm. There was no evidence of recurrence during a mean follow-up of 19.5 months. CONCLUSION: Nasolabial cysts are rare lesions. Common presentation is a well-confined swelling, local pain and nasal obstruction. Enucleation is the treatment of choice with low recurrence rate.

Cisto nasolabial bilateral: relato de dois casos / Bilateral nasolabial cyst: report of two cases

O cisto nasolabial caracteriza-se como lesão não-odontogênica de partes moles, rara e com ocorrência em situação paramediana, anteriormente ao rebordo alveolar da maxila e à asa do nariz. Portratar-se de lesão de tecido mole, geralmente não produz alteração radiográfica. No presente trabalho são descritos dois casos de cisto nasolabial, nos quais são evidenciados aspectos relevantes em relação ao diagnóstico diferencial por meio de tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética, bem como os aspectos atípicos encontrados em um dos casos relatados, como bilateralidade e diferença de intensidade de sinal à ressonância magnética. São discutidos, ainda, fatores determinantes para o diagnóstico diferencial de lesões de tecido mole do complexo maxilofacial,como cistos fissurais de ocorrência central (sagital), entre eles dermóides, palatinos e nasopalatinos (cisto do canal do incisivo), e cistos de fissura lateral.

The nasolabial cyst is defined as nonodontogenic soft tissue lesion, rare and with occurrence in sagittal plane, between midline and nasal cartilage. Because its soft tissue composition, there is no radiographic presentation in conventional radiographic examination,being indicated evaluation through computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In the present study, two cases are discussed, being one in white female subject, 72-year-old, and other in a black male subject, 24-year-old. The authors discuss about relevant aspects related to differential diagnosis through computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, as wellas atypical features founded in one of the cases, like bilateral occurrence with different signal intensity in magnetic resonance imaging and determinant factors for differential diagnosis of softtissues pathologies of maxillofacial complex, as fissure cysts with central occurrence (sagittal cysts), as dermoid cysts, palatine and nasopalatine and lateral fissure cysts.

Extragingival pyogenic granuloma.

Pyogenic granuloma is a well-known localized granulation tissue overgrowth in reaction to mild irritation. Although it is known to show a striking predilection for the gingiva, it can be found extragingivally with varying clinical features that sometimes may mimic more serious lesions such as malignancies. The clinical diagnosis of such an uncommon extragingival pyogenic granulomra can be quite challenging. The purpose of this article is to report an unusual case of extragingival pyogenic granuloma occurring on the lower lip, which presented as a cutaneous horn.

Cuerno cutáneo: Reconocimiento clínico histopatológico y tratamiento quirúrgico. A propósito de 2 casos / Cutaneous horn: Clinical and histopathological recognizing and surgical treatment. Rreport of two cases

El cuerno cutáneo es una lesión tumoral de aspecto cónico cuya longitud prevalece sobre el diámetro, con gran hiperqueratosis en su extremo y variadas causas e histología pudiendo tener como base una lesión benigna, premaligna o maligna. Su diagnóstico inicial es clínico, sin embargo para descartar malignidad como patología de base siempre es necesario su exéresis quirúrgica y estudio histopatológico. Presentamos dos casos con localización en semimucosa de labio inferior, uno de ellos con aparición simultánea de dos lesiones, manifestación rara en este tipo de tumores, según la literatura. Destacamos la reparación quirúrgica de estas lesiones, efectuando una exéresis en cuña, conservando la forma y funcionalidad del labio.

The cutaneous horn is a conical tumoral lesion whose height is prevalent over the diameter of its base, characterized by hyperkeratotic appearance associated with multiple causes and histological development over benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. The primary diagnosis is mainly suggested by the appearance and course of these lesions, however to discard a malignant base pathology always is necessary the surgical excision and histopathological examination. We report two cases with clinical characteristics in mucosa of the lower lip and simultaneous growth of two lesions together, infrequent observations of this entity in literature reviews. We want to remark the surgical excision of these lesions preserving the shape and function of the lip.

Canalicular adenoma of the upper lip mimicking mucocele.

Salivary gland neoplasms are relatively rare. Among the salivary gland neoplasms minor salivary gland neoplasms are often deceptive to the clinician and challenging to the pathologist because of their varied morphology and diverse histopathological pattern. This article documents a case of canalicular adenoma of the upper lip mimicking mucocele and discusses the differential diagnosis of minor salivary gland neoplasms.

Mácula melanotica labial: Revisión de la literatura presentación de un caso / Labial melanotic macule: Review of the literature, report of a case

Se hace una revisión de la literatura concerniente a la lesión conocida como mácula melanotica labial, en donde se destacan los aspectos más importantes de la misma: definición, características clínicas e histopatológicas, diagnóstico diferencial, pronóstico y tratamiento. Se hace la presentación de un caso clínico y se establecen conclusiones